-
Gamma Ray Irradiation Effects on the Mechanical and Chemical Properties of CuO–Bi2O3–SiO2 Glasses
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2016
Pages:
140-144
Received:
31 October 2016
Accepted:
1 December 2016
Published:
17 December 2016
Abstract: The effect of gamma radiation on the mechanical and chemical properties of x CuO, (70-x) Bi2O3, 20SiO2,10 Na2O, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 30 weight % were carefully studied in order to obtain information about the changes that appear in the structure of the glass matrix with the doping of copper ions. The glass matrix was fabricated by melt-quenching technique. The results showed that, the glass system has good durability, density and mechanical properties with increasing CuO content at the expense of Bi2O3, and that the effect of irradiation with gamma dose is very small. UV-VIS absorption spectra for all glasses have a single asymmetric band, which corresponds to a BiO3→BiO6 transition of the Cu2+ ions in octahedral symmetry with an elongated tetragonal distortion. These measurements indicate the presence of Cu2+ ions in the glasses. Furthermore, it has good water resistance ability with increasing copper oxide. So, it can be used as a container for keeping radioactive waste and radioactive sources.
Abstract: The effect of gamma radiation on the mechanical and chemical properties of x CuO, (70-x) Bi2O3, 20SiO2,10 Na2O, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 30 weight % were carefully studied in order to obtain information about the changes that appear in the structure of the glass matrix with the doping of copper ions. The glass matrix was fabricated by melt-quenching technique...
Show More
-
Mechanical and Structural Properties of Zinc – Sodium - Phosphate Glasses Doped with Cu2O
E. Nabhan,
A. Nabhan,
N. Abd El Aal
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2016
Pages:
145-151
Received:
5 November 2016
Accepted:
2 December 2016
Published:
20 December 2016
Abstract: Ternary Zinc-Sodium-Phosphate glasses doped with copper of the composition 40ZnO-(20-x) Na2O-40P2O5-xCu2O where x =0, 2, 4, 6, 8 mol % were prepared by the tradition quenching method. The effect of Cu ions on density, molar volume and microhardness has been investigated. FTIR was measured in the range (400-1600) cm-1 to investigate the effect of Cu ion on the structure of the studied glass. Longitudinal and shear velocities were measured for the studied glass using pulse echo technique. Elastic properties such as longitudinal modulus, shear modulus, bulk modulus, and Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio) and some physical parameters such as softening temperature, hardness, Debye temperature have been calculated. The ultrasonic results and the other measured parameters indicate the Cu ion increase the cross-link density by the formation of P-O-Cu. All the measurements are measured at room temperature.
Abstract: Ternary Zinc-Sodium-Phosphate glasses doped with copper of the composition 40ZnO-(20-x) Na2O-40P2O5-xCu2O where x =0, 2, 4, 6, 8 mol % were prepared by the tradition quenching method. The effect of Cu ions on density, molar volume and microhardness has been investigated. FTIR was measured in the range (400-1600) cm-1 to investigate the effect of Cu...
Show More
-
Assessment of Radioactive Concentrations in the Egyptian Natural Gas Grid and Their Relevant Impacts
S. U. EL-Kameesy,
H. M. Diab,
A. B. Ramadan,
O. R. Megahid
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2016
Pages:
152-157
Received:
31 October 2016
Accepted:
17 November 2016
Published:
29 December 2016
Abstract: The radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in thirty samples representing the technically Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) in the Egyptian natural gas were investigated. The investigations were performed using a gamma ray spectroscopy technique. The obtained data were used to establish a data base for NORM concentrations during the different processing stages of natural gas and to estimate the associated radiation health hazard impacts. Great concern has been devoted to determine the specific activity of 210Pb as it represents all daughters originating from 222Rn that have relatively short half-lives. The samples were collected from the gas pipeline grid covering different areas in Egypt. Fifteen samples were taken from the gas pipelines, whereas the remaining samples were taken from the upstream facilities before pumping into the grid. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40k were found to be 16.2 ± 1.5, 10.50 ± 0.9 and 98.46 ± 6.03 Bq/kg for filter samples respectively. The corresponding average values for scale samples were 37.28 ± 3.1, 45.7 ± 2.6 and 621.79 ± 9.2 Bq/kg. The sludge samples gave average values of 14.97 ± 1.94, 9.99 ± 1.48 and 112.82 ± 5.82 respectively. These values are below the recommended international limits. In contrary, the average values of activity concentrations of waste water were found to be 4.895 ± 0.51, 2.241 ± 0.3 and 31.852 ± 2.31 Bq/kg respectively. The obtained results indicate that 226Ra content is higher than the recommended values for domestic or drinking water. Additionally, high values of the specific activity of 210Pb were found in both deposits and filter samples.
Abstract: The radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in thirty samples representing the technically Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) in the Egyptian natural gas were investigated. The investigations were performed using a gamma ray spectroscopy technique. The obtained data were used to establish a data base for NORM concentratio...
Show More
-
Environmental Effect of Gas Flaring on the Soil pH Value in Some Communities in Niger Delta of Nigeria
Obi E. O.,
Osang J. E.,
Pekene D. B.
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2016
Pages:
158-164
Received:
15 November 2016
Accepted:
29 November 2016
Published:
4 January 2017
Abstract: This paper presents the environmental effects of gas flaring on pH values of the soil and rain water in some areas in Niger Delta. Different soil samples and rain water at various proximities from the gas flaring locations were taken. The samples collected were evaluated to determine the pH values of rain-water and that of the soil in the area under investigation. The result obtained shows a remarkable trend as the values of the pH of the soil and that of the rain water increased as we moved away from the gas flaring stations. The pH actually changed from extreme acidic (3.5 - 4.4) to moderate alkaline (7.9 - 8.4) as we moved away from the flaring points. The pH values tend to normalize at distances of more than 2 km away from most of the gas flaring points. The low pH values imply that there is formation of acid rain which has dangerous consequences on the environment and on the plants and animals. The resultant health implications of extreme acidity in the rain water and consequently in the soil was also discussed.
Abstract: This paper presents the environmental effects of gas flaring on pH values of the soil and rain water in some areas in Niger Delta. Different soil samples and rain water at various proximities from the gas flaring locations were taken. The samples collected were evaluated to determine the pH values of rain-water and that of the soil in the area unde...
Show More
